A pioneering but ultimately unsuccessful attempt at total knee replacement using ivory. Demonstrates early interest in biocompatible materials but faced challenges with fixation and wear.

A reconstructive technique involving the insertion of fascia lata between joint surfaces, often used before modern TKA. Offered limited success and highlighted the need for more durable solutions.

Early knee replacements with mechanically linked femoral and tibial components, sometimes hinged. Suffered from high complication rates due to loosening and wear.

An early TKA design attempting to replicate natural knee motion with a polycentric hinge. Challenging to implant and faced long-term durability issues.

Developed at HSS, this early TKA design preserved both cruciate ligaments. Laid the foundation for further TKA development and the HSS Knee Score.

Early TKA design that used a rotating hinge mechanism. Required significant bone resection, creating challenges for revision.

A class of TKA designs focusing on anatomical fit and often preserving the PCL. Early versions had problems with fixation and wear.

Emphasized rotational freedom with a modular polyethylene insert. Aimed for better knee kinematics but had limitations in long-term stability.

A less invasive option for isolated compartment arthritis, replacing only one side of the knee. Early designs had issues with wear and loosening.

An influential early TKA design by Insall and Ranawat, featuring a single-piece femoral component and all-polyethylene tibial component.

Aimed to reduce polyethylene wear by minimizing contact stress. Later evolved into the mobile-bearing LCS Rotating Platform.

A posterior-stabilized TKA design using a cam and post mechanism to substitute for the PCL, aiming to improve stability in flexion.

Early TKA design with conforming surfaces and cruciate retention. Did not initially resurface the patella and often suffered tibial loosening.

Modular TKA systems with anatomical tibial components and revision options, addressing the need for solutions to implant failures.

Not an implant, but the Knee Society's formation marked a turning point in TKA, leading to standardized outcomes assessment with the Knee Society Score.

A modern TKA system emphasizing improved kinematics and fixation options for enhanced stability and range of motion.

A modern unicompartmental knee replacement designed for a less invasive approach to treating isolated compartment arthritis.

A contemporary TKA system focusing on personalized fit and alignment through advanced instrumentation and implant design.